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Are you a student writing the school exam? Do you want to pass your government paper once and for all so you can get admission into the university this year? You are in the right place to get the complete 2026 NECO Government Obj and Essay Questions And Answers package.
The government paper is very important if you want to pass your O'Level exam. If you get a poor grade here, it can stop your university admission completely. Do not risk your future. Get the right study resources now so you can perform excellently.
NECO 2026 GOVERNMENT (ESSAY & OBJ) Answers-Brightscorehub.com
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NECO 2026 GOVERNMENT-ANSWERS
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NECO GOVERNMENT OBJECTIVES:
1-10: ACBBEBBBAB
11-20: BDAAACDCDE
21-30: AADADCEDBB
31-40: CEEDABCEEB
41-50: BBECABDCBD
51-60: AEABDDEEBB
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NECO 2026 GOVERNMENT ANSWERS
NUMBER ONE
(1a)
Government as an institution of the state is the body or machinery through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed, and enforceded. It consists of the people and organs entrusted with the authority to make laws, implement policies, maintain law and order, protect lives and property, and administer the affairs of the state for the welfare of the citizens.
(1b)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Population: A state must have people who permanently live within its territory. The population forms the human element of the state and provides the workforce, taxpayers, leaders, and citizens necessary for its existence.
(ii) Definite Territory: A state must occupy a clearly defined geographical area with recognized boundaries. This includes the land, airspace, territorial waters, and natural resources over which the state exercises authority.
(iii) Government: Every state must have an organized government that makes laws, enforces them, and administers the affairs of the state. The government maintains peace, order, security, and promotes the welfare of the people.
(iv) Sovereignty: Sovereignty is the supreme and independent authority of the state to govern itself without external interference. It enables the state to make and enforce laws within its territory and conduct relations with other states.
(v) Permanence: A state is a permanent entity that continues to exist despite changes in government or leadership. Governments may come and go through elections or other means, but the state remains in existence.
(vi) International Recognition: A state should be recognized by other sovereign states and international organizations. Such recognition enables it to establish diplomatic relations, enter treaties, and participate in international affairs.
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NUMBER TWO
(i) Free and Fair Elections: A government that emerges through credible, transparent, free, and fair elections is generally accepted as legitimate. Such elections reflect the genuine will of the people.
(ii) Constitutional and Legal Basis: A government derives legitimacy when it comes to power and governs according to the provisions of the constitution and the rule of law. It must respect constitutional procedures in all its actions.
(iii) Popular Support and Consent of the People: The acceptance and approval of the citizens are essential. When the people willingly obey government laws and support its policies, the government is regarded as legitimate.
(iv) Good Governance and Effective Performance: A government gains legitimacy by providing security, maintaining law and order, protecting human rights, delivering public services, and improving the welfare of the people. Effective leadership strengthens public confidence.
(v) Respect for the Rule of Law and Human Rights: A legitimate government operates within the law, ensures equality before the law, protects fundamental human rights, and guarantees an independent judiciary. Arbitrary rule weakens legitimacy.
(vi) International Recognition: Recognition by other sovereign states and international organizations enhances a government's legitimacy. Such recognition enables it to establish diplomatic relations, sign treaties, and participate in international affairs.
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NUMBER THREE
(i) To Promote National Unity: A unitary system encourages national integration by ensuring that the entire country is governed under one central authority, thereby reducing regional divisions and promoting loyalty to the state.
(ii) To Ensure Uniformity of Laws and Policies: The central government makes laws and formulates policies that apply equally throughout the country. This ensures consistency in governance, administration, and justice.
(iii) To Reduce the Cost of Government: Since there is only one central government with fewer levels of administration, the cost of running government is lower than in a federal system. It avoids duplication of ministries, legislatures, and public institutions.
(iv) To Achieve Quick Decision-Making: Decision-making is faster because authority is concentrated at the centre. There is no need for prolonged consultations or negotiations between different levels of government before policies are implemented.
(v) To Maintain Effective Control and Political Stability: A strong central government can effectively coordinate national affairs, maintain law and order, respond quickly to emergencies, and prevent conflicts that may arise from divided authority.
(vi) To Suit Small or Homogeneous States: Countries with relatively small populations, limited land area, or people who share similar language, culture, or traditions often adopt the unitary system because extensive decentralization is unnecessary....
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NUMBER FOUR
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NUMBER FIVE
(i) Economic Exploitation:
European countries colonised Africa to obtain abundant raw materials such as cocoa, cotton, rubber, palm oil, gold, diamonds, and other minerals for their industries. They also sought profitable markets for their manufactured goods.
(ii) Search for New Markets:
The Industrial Revolution led to mass production of goods in Europe. European countries needed new markets to sell these products, and Africa provided a large and expanding market for their manufactured goods.
(iii) Acquisition of Raw Materials:
European industries required a steady supply of raw materials. Colonising African territories guaranteed continuous access to these resources at relatively low cost.
(iv)National Prestige and Competition:
European powers competed with one another to acquire colonies as a symbol of national greatness and international prestige. Possessing large colonial empires increased a nation's influence and status in world affairs.
(v) Strategic and Military Interests:
Some African territories were colonised because of their strategic importance. Control of ports, sea routes, and waterways, such as the Suez Canal, enabled European countries to protect trade routes and strengthen their military positions.
(vi) Missionary and Humanitarian Motives:
Christian missionaries and humanitarian groups encouraged colonisation to spread Christianity, Western education, and European culture. Many Europeans also claimed they wanted to end the slave trade and "civilise" African societies, although economic and political interests were the dominant motives.
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NUMBER SIX
(i) To Reduce the Cost of Administration:
The British lacked sufficient financial resources to employ many European officials. Using traditional rulers reduced the cost of governance since they already had established administrative structures.
(ii) To Overcome the Shortage of Colonial Personnel:
There were too few British officials to administer the vast colonies effectively. Traditional rulers helped bridge this gap by carrying out administrative duties at the local level.
(iii) To Facilitate Easy and Effective Administration:
Traditional rulers were familiar with the customs, traditions, language, and people of their communities. Their knowledge made it easier for the British to govern and implement colonial policies.
(iv) To Gain the Cooperation and Loyalty of the People:
The people respected and obeyed their traditional rulers. By governing through these rulers, the British secured the cooperation of the local population and reduced resistance to colonial rule.
(v) To Maintain Law and Order:
Traditional rulers already exercised judicial and executive authority within their communities. The British used them to settle disputes, enforce colonial laws, collect taxes, and maintain peace and order.
(vi) To Preserve Existing Traditional Institutions:
The British preferred to rule through already established political institutions rather than abolish them. This helped maintain social stability and minimized disruption to the traditional way of life while promoting colonial interests.
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NUMBER SEVEN
(i) It Encouraged Wider Nigerian Participation:
The constitution was the first to involve Nigerians extensively in the constitution-making process through consultations at the village, district, provincial, regional, and national levels. This made it more acceptable than previous constitutions.
(ii) It Established a Federal System of Government:
The Macpherson Constitution introduced a federal structure by dividing powers between the central government and the regional governments. This allowed each region to exercise authority over certain matters while the central government handled national issues.
(iii) It Created a Stronger Central Legislature:
It established the House of Representatives at the centre with elected members from the regions. This increased the representation of Nigerians in the central legislature and enhanced law-making.
(iv) It Strengthened Regional Governments:
The constitution established Houses of Assembly in the Northern, Western, and Eastern Regions. It also provided Houses of Chiefs in the Northern and Western Regions, thereby increasing regional autonomy and participation in governance.
(v) It Promoted Democratic Representation:
The constitution expanded the elective principle by allowing more Nigerians to elect their representatives into the legislative houses. This encouraged political participation and laid the foundation for democratic governance.
(vi) It Accelerated Nigeria's Progress Towards Independence:
By granting Nigerians greater participation in government, encouraging the growth of political parties, and expanding self-government at both the regional and central levels, the Macpherson Constitution paved the way for subsequent constitutional developments that culminated in Nigeria's independence in 1960.
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NUMBER SEVEN
(i) It Encouraged Wider Nigerian Participation:
The constitution was the first to involve Nigerians extensively in the constitution-making process through consultations at the village, district, provincial, regional, and national levels. This made it more acceptable than previous constitutions.
(ii) It Established a Federal System of Government:
The Macpherson Constitution introduced a federal structure by dividing powers between the central government and the regional governments. This allowed each region to exercise authority over certain matters while the central government handled national issues.
(iii) It Created a Stronger Central Legislature:
It established the House of Representatives at the centre with elected members from the regions. This increased the representation of Nigerians in the central legislature and enhanced law-making.
(iv) It Strengthened Regional Governments:
The constitution established Houses of Assembly in the Northern, Western, and Eastern Regions. It also provided Houses of Chiefs in the Northern and Western Regions, thereby increasing regional autonomy and participation in governance.
(v) It Promoted Democratic Representation:
The constitution expanded the elective principle by allowing more Nigerians to elect their representatives into the legislative houses. This encouraged political participation and laid the foundation for democratic governance.
(vi) It Accelerated Nigeria's Progress Towards Independence:
By granting Nigerians greater participation in government, encouraging the growth of political parties, and expanding self-government at both the regional and central levels, the Macpherson Constitution paved the way for subsequent constitutional developments that culminated in Nigeria's independence in 1960.
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NUMBER EIGHT
(i) Inadequate Funding:
Local governments often receive insufficient funds to carry out their constitutional responsibilities. Delays in the release of statutory allocations and poor internally generated revenue limit their ability to provide social amenities and execute development projects.
(ii) Political Interference by State Governments:
State governments frequently interfere in the affairs of local government councils by controlling their finances, dissolving elected councils, or appointing caretaker committees. This undermines local government autonomy and democratic governance.
(iii) Corruption and Financial Mismanagement:
Corruption among some local government officials leads to the embezzlement and diversion of public funds. As a result, projects are abandoned, public services deteriorate, and development at the grassroots is slowed.
(iv) Lack of Qualified and Competent Personnel:
Many local government councils suffer from inadequate skilled manpower. The shortage of qualified administrators, engineers, health workers, and other professionals reduces the efficiency and quality of service delivery.
(v) Poor Infrastructure and Inadequate Facilities:
Many councils lack essential infrastructure such as good office accommodation, modern equipment, reliable electricity, and ICT facilities. This hampers administrative efficiency and effective service delivery.
(vi) Lack of Autonomy:
Although the Constitution recognizes local governments as the third tier of government, many councils do not enjoy full administrative and financial independence. Excessive control by state governments limits their ability to make independent decisions and implement development programmes.
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NUMBER NINE
(i) National Interest: The primary determinant of Nigeria's foreign policy is the protection and promotion of its national interest. Decisions on international relations are made to safeguard Nigeria's security, economic growth, sovereignty, and the welfare of its citizens.
(ii) Economic Factors: Nigeria's economic condition, including its dependence on oil revenue, foreign investment, international trade, and economic development, greatly influences its foreign policy. Economic challenges may compel Nigeria to strengthen diplomatic and trade relations with other countries.
(iii) Leadership and Government Ideology: The beliefs, vision, and priorities of the government in power influence the direction of Nigeria's foreign policy. Different administrations may place greater emphasis on African unity, economic diplomacy, regional security, or international cooperation.
(iv) International Political Environment: Global events such as wars, terrorism, changes in international power relations, climate change, and decisions of international organizations affect Nigeria's foreign policy. Nigeria often adjusts its policies to respond to these developments.
(v) Public Opinion and Domestic Pressure: The views of Nigerians, the media, civil society organizations, pressure groups, and the National Assembly can influence foreign policy decisions, especially on issues that directly affect national interest or citizens abroad.
(vi) Membership of International and Regional Organizations: Nigeria's membership in organizations such as the United Nations (UN), African Union (AU), Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), and the Commonwealth influences its foreign policy. These organizations require Nigeria to cooperate with other member states, uphold international agreements, and participate in peacekeeping and regional integration.
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NUMBER TEN
(i) Veto Power of the Permanent Members of the Security Council: The five permanent members of the Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) possess veto power. Any one of them can block important resolutions, even when supported by the majority of member states. This often prevents the UN from taking decisive action during international crises.
(ii) Inadequate Funding: The UN depends on financial contributions from member states to carry out its programmes and peacekeeping operations. Delays or failure by some countries to pay their assessed contributions reduce the organization's ability to respond effectively to global challenges.
(iii) Conflicting Interests of Member States: Member countries often pursue their own national interests rather than the collective interests of the UN. These conflicting political, economic, and strategic interests make it difficult to reach consensus on important international issues.
(iv) Lack of an Independent Military Force: The UN does not have a permanent standing army. It relies on member states to provide troops for peacekeeping and enforcement operations. Delays in the provision of troops and equipment often reduce the effectiveness of UN interventions.
(v) Non-Compliance with UN Resolutions: Some countries ignore or refuse to implement UN resolutions and decisions. The inability of the UN to compel powerful states to comply with its resolutions weakens its authority and effectiveness.
(vi) Increase in International Conflicts and Terrorism: The growing number of civil wars, ethnic conflicts, terrorism, insurgencies, and humanitarian crises around the world has placed enormous pressure on the UN. The organization often lacks sufficient resources and political support to resolve all these conflicts successfully.
COMPLETED ✅
